Vessel



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Q N.'G. JESSUP.

'ZVESSEL.

' Pat-entedJuly 23, 1895.

FIG. 7.

FIG. 3.

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR:

By his Altomeys, W.&n vem K@ UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

.i NATHAN G. JESSUP, OF WESTHAMPTON, NEW YORK.

VESSEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 543,210, dated July 23,1895.

Application filed September 19, 1892. Serial No. 446,341. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NATHAN O. JESSUP, a

. citizen of the United States, residing at Westhampton, in the countyof Suffolk and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Vessels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates particularly to small vessels andsailing-vessels, and aims to provide-means whereby the liability of suchto capsize will be decreased and whereby the vessel will sail close tothe wind.

Heretofore it has been common to provide a lee-board hinged or fixedtothe side of the vessel to contact with the water when the vessel heels,and thereby to prevent leeward movement of the latter. My presentinvention comprises an improved device of this general character, whichwill be fully hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a cross-section on the line 11 of Fig. 2 of a fiat-bottom sailing-vessel provided with myimprovements in their preferred form. The oblique dotted line in thisfigure indicates the water-level when the boat has heeled to the left.Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the vessel shown in Fig. 1, a portion ofthe side guard being broken away. Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, thewindward side guard being turned in. Fig. 4. is a fragmentarycross-section of a boat in which a modified form of my improved sideguard is applied. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing another modification.Fig. 6 is a similar view of another modification. Fig. 7 is a similarview showing still another modified form of my invention, and Figs. 8and 9 show other modifications.

Referring to the drawings, let A represent the hull of the vessel; B,the deck; 0, the keel; D, the mast, andE-my improved side guards as awhole.

The boat A may be of any common construction, that shown in Figs. 1 to 3being an ordinary fiat-bottom. sail-boat.

I will now describe the preferred form of my invention as illustratedinFigs. 1 to 3, in-

clusive, to which reference is made.

laterally therefrom and to be folded thereagainst, and of resistingfaces G, mounted-on or carried by'the shells, extending longitudinallysubstantially parallel with the keel of the vessel and vertically atsubstantially right angles to the level of the water, whereby the facesin sailing are presented to the waterin such manner as to resist leewardmovement of the boat. This may be variouslyaccomplished.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 3 the shell F consists of thintop, bottom, and outer boards j, secured together to form a hollowwater-tight member of great lightnessand buoyancy, preferably coveredwith thin metal Z" to prevent checking. The outer board j of each shellis straight and extends parallel with the keel O of the hull, serving inuse as a portion of the'resisting-face G. The top and bottom boards inthe construction shown are brought together at their inner edges,whereby'in cross-section the shell F is wedge-shaped,.and this inneredge of the shell is curved to correspond to the curvature of theadjacent side of the hull. The shell is adapted to be adjusted outwardlyfrom the hull at least sufficiently to leave a slight intervening spacebetween the hull and the inner edge of the shell, through which any wa-'ter on the guard or the adjacent deck may escape. In the constructionshown .slots or wells lc'areformed through the shell, through whichslots plates or boards K may be passed, as shown in Figs'l and 2. Theseboards K, when in position in the slot, depend downwardly beneath theshell substantially perpendicularly thereof, and their outer faces serveas the resisting faces G of the side guard. The plates preferably restloosely in their slots and are prevented from falling the top of thedeck B and constructed with overhung grooves, in which the rods mayslide in such manner that when the hinges are within the shoes, as shownin the lower half of Fig. 3, the guides are rigidly held relatively tothe hull, but when these hinges are beyond the shoes, as shown in theupper half of the figure, the guards are free to oscillate relatively tothe hull and can be folded over against the deck. The outer ends of therods I are preferably connected to the ends of the shells F of the sideguards and their inner ends are'free to move through the shoes as theguards are adjusted. Preferably the guards are rounded at their forwardends, as shown in Fig. 2 at m, to avoid catching against the water.Pivoted stops J overhang the guards when turned out and limit theirmovement. By this construction the side guards can be adjusted outwardlyuntil they will swing freely on the surface of the water as the boatheels, in which case they will merely serve as lee-boards, or they canbe adjusted so that they will'stand rigidly relatively to the hull, inwhich case they will be submerged when the boat heels and by reason oftheir great buoyancy will prevent its capsizing.

In sailing, the windward-guard may be folded over onto the deck, asshown in Fig. 3, or it may be left projecting to windward, in which caseit will tend to prevent flying spray from falling on the deck. Whencircumstances render it desirable the leewardguard will be adjustedoutwardly until it isv cessive heeling the guard will be adjusted 45.

to the rigid position, whereupon it will firmly resist any tendency tocapsize.

It will be seen that my invention provides a sailing-vessel which cansail close to the wind, and which is not liable to capsize, and that itaccomplishes this without modifying the ordinary construction of thehull' of the vessel, and by means simple in construction and operationand easy of manipulation.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificdetails set forth as constituting its preferred form, since these maybe'modified in certain respects without departing from its essentialfeatures.

Fig. 4 shows a side guard in which the shell, here lettered F, has nosocket, but is a closed sheet-metal shell having a resisting face G atits outer edge and an overhanging flange a flush with its top.

Fig. 5 shows another modification in which the shell, here lettered F isa closed metal cylinder traversed by a vertical well K,

through which may be passed the board K. In this construction the sideface of the board K constitutes the vertical resisting face of the 4lee-board. The side guard is here shown as hinged directly to the deck Bby a plain hinge I.

Fig. 6 shows a hollow cylindrical shell (lettered F having a resistingface G formed on its lower side.

Fig. 7 shows a hollow metallic shell (lettered F having a fiat orvertical outer face, (lettered G constituting its resisting face.

In the constructions shown in Figs. 6 and 7, and also in that shown inFig. 4:, the side guard is hinged to the boat in the manner describedwith reference to Figs. 1 to 3.

Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate another modification. In this construction theside guards, here lettered E, consist of a fiat board j, having anoutwardly-projecting portion a and constructed with a resisting face G,formed on the under side, some distance from the outer edge of the board3'. This resisting face is preferably formed by placing a cleat b oftriangular cross-section against the under side ,of the board j. In thisconstruction the side guard is movable laterally toward and from thehull, but immovable verticallyrelative thereto. This is preferablyaccomplished by constructingtheconnecting-rods,herelettered 1 as rigidbars engaged by and sliding in the shoes L. To adjust the guards theyare slid in over the deck, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 8, whennot required for use, and are slid outwardly to the position illustratedin full lines when used as lee-boards. When the lee-boards are thusconstructed the Wind- Wtl'd bOtld may be left projected and used as asupport for those ballasting the boat.

When the side guard is constructed with a substantially flat horizontalboard and a substantially-vertical resisting face, the horizontal boardserves to resist a capsizing movement, while the resisting face preventslee movement.

What I claim is the following-defined novel features and combinations,substantially as hereinbefore set forth, namely:

1. In a vessel, the hull in combination with a side guard carried at theside of the hull and contacting with the water when the vessel heels,and a connection between said guard and hull permitting free movement ofsaid guard when the latter is in one position, and holding said guardrigidly relatively to the hull when said guard is in another position.

2. In a vessel, the combination with the hull of a side guard connectedto the upper part thereof above the water line and having asubstantially horizontal portion contacting with the water when thevessel heels and preventing oapsizing and a substantially vertical facebeneath this portion serving as a leeboard.

3. In avessel, thecombination withthe hull vA, .of the side guard E,consisting of a hollow closed buoyant shell F, and'a resistingface G,said guard connected to the hull and contacting with the water when thevessel heels and preventing capsizing and leeway.

4. In a vessel, the hull in combination with the side guard E,'shoes L,carried by the vessel, and rods carrying the side guard said shoesengaging said rods and thereby connecting the side guard to the vessel,said rods permitting the adj ustinent of the side guards laterallytoward and from the vessel. 5. In a vessel, the combination with thehull V and a side guard pivoted thereto and contacting with the waterwhen the vessel heels, of a stop J,-limi ting the upward-movement ofsaid 15 guard.

6. In a vessel a side guard consisting of a hollow buoyant closed shell,having a socket k, in combination with a lee-board K mounted in saidsocket when in use.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribingwitnesses. a

NATHAN c. JESSUP.

"Witnesses:

GEORGE H. FRASER QHARLEs K. FRASER.

